Workability and Mobility of Construction Machinery:Systematic Approach to Engineering Matters

Abstract

A new computerization technology is proposed and described in the field of construction machinery. As for social requirements, the need for prompt feedback about actual or potential performance deviation on job sites is growing because the margins of profit are getting smaller, and industry needs to be competitive. The history of the industrial automation has deeply related to the world economy so far. The design system (CAD), the production processing system (CAM) and the industrial robotics which has been developed afterwards in the 1960s, have greatly contributed to productivity improvement. Recently multi-copters (drone:  small flying robot) are being developed already at some construction sites.  Robotics has four major functions; A) operation (manipulation, hand and thumb, teach to art), B) movement   (locomotion, foot, drive to run), C) sight (observation, eyes, sense to view), D) intelligence    (artificial intelligence, brain, think to act). As for the construction machinery, A and B mentioned above deeply participate to their functions, together with C and D. Each function of A and B is related to robotics and mobility, linked together hand work and foot work.

 Systematic approach to engineering matters is described as a thinking process to analysing and organizing engineering system.  In the long history of human activity, culture, tradition, customs, life style, language have been formed gradually based upon politics, economics, natural and social environments. Experienced theory and praxis of human activity are evaluated from different angles in the field of design and construction works. Workability and mobility of robots are similar to human and animal acts.  When looking at human growth and history of evolution, the tools and parts of machinery are deeply associated with human workability/mobility (sitting/standing, working/walking, handwork/footwork).The man-made systems are sometimes unstable and fragile against natural hazard and human errors. Their originality bases on nature laws and rules.  Risk management of engineering matters is associated with those nature laws, rules and finally ISO standards.

 Positioning and mobility is described by displacement (distance), velocity (speed) and acceleration (force) which are generating trajectory of movement. It is newly suggested that the trajectory is controlled by speed ratio of steering and driving successively and continuously instead of positioning by numerical data. Speed and Trajectory Control (STC) method is newly proposed, which contributes to remarkable reduction of controlling data and to easy modification of plan data on line at site.  Induction   method has less quantity of updated data than deduction method, and there are various kinds of advantages. The updated processing by GPS and laser beam instruments makes it possible.

The STC method bases on induction, updating planed data by observation in dynamics. Some application examples of the STC method are explained about their acts and validity.

Keywords : construction machinery, computerization technology, robotics, nature laws, workability and mobility, risk management, Speed and Trajectory Control ( STC ) method, bulldozer, inertial  land navigation, human activity, theory and practice